OVERVIEW OF TELEPHONY

The Basics of Networking

• Data Networks
• Sending Data
• Voice Networks
• Voice Transmission
• Architecture of a Telephony Network

Telephony Terminology

• Terminology
• Central Office
• Trunk
• Line

Digital Trunking

• Why Digital Trunking?
• Sampling Rate, Nyquist Theorem, and Quantizing
• Digitization of Voice
• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
• T1
• ISDN

Compression

• Digital Voice Encoding and Encoding Process
• Voice Coding and Voice Coding Standards
• Components of a Conversation
• Voice Activity Detection
• Fixed Sampling
• Code Excited Linear Prediction
• Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
• Compression Standards

Signalling and Supervision

• Signalling Techniques
• Digital Signalling
• Physical, Data Link and Network Layers
• Private Signalling
• Signalling System 7 (SS7)

Synchronization

• Network Synchronization
• Generalized Synchronization Methodology
• Master Slave Clocking Relationship
• Jitter and Wander
• Timing Slips

VOICE ENGINEERING

Design Criteria

• What is Convergence?
• The Value of Convergence
• Latency
• Jitter
• Traffic Engineering Design Criteria
• Traffic Distribution Modeling

Know Your Network

• Routing Loop
• Loss of Features
• Echo
• Tandem Switching

VoIP Design

• Obtaining Voice Traffic Data
• Converting Usage to Erlands
• Calculating the Number of Voice Lines
• Calculating the Internetwork Bandwidth
• Calculating the Delay Budget
• Supporting the Delay Requirement

VOICE OVER IP

Protocol Layering

• Packet Voice
• IP Telephony Standards Landscape
• VoIP Transport Protocols

Voice Standards

• Voice over IP Requirements
• The OSI Model and the TCP/IP Stack
• Voice Protocol Stack
• Encapsulation of Voice Data
• Voice Encoding and Packetization

IP Routing and IP Multicast

• IP Routing and QoS
• IP Multicast
• Multicast Groups and Registration
• IP Multicast Routing

Technical Issues

• VoIP Issures
• Delay and Jitter
• Echo Cancellation
• Call Control and Signalling
• Addressing
• Admission Control

QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS)

IP Networks

• Traditional Networks
• Traditional Data Networks
• Business Drivers
• Converging Networks

Issues Affecting Voice in an IP Network

• Expectations
• Issues
• Delay in General
• Variable Delay Factor: Jitter
• Variable Delay Factor: Packet Loss
• Variable Delay Factor: Sequence Errors

Services

• Variable Delay and QoS Mechanisms
• Addressing Quality of Service
• Integrated Services (Int Serv) and QoS
• Int Serv Service Classes
• Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
• Real-time Protocol
• Integrated Services Architecture
• Differentiated Services (DiffServ) and QoS
• Differentiated Services Architecture
• Differentiated Services Network

Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)

• Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) and QoS
• MPLS Operation
• Label Switched Path
• Packet Labels
• Forwarding Equivalence Class
• Constraint-based Routing

VOICE DATA TRANSPORT

RTP Header

• RTP and the Operation of RTP
• RTP Packet
• Other RTP Devices

RTCP Messages

• Real-time Control Protocol (RTCP)
• RTCP Bandwidth Limitation
• RTCP Packet Types

RTCP Sender Reports (SRs)

• RTCP Sender Reports (SRs)

SR Reception Report Block

• SR Reception Report Block

H.323

H.323 Architecture

• The H.323 Standard
• The Advantages of H.323
• H323 Versions
• H323 Architecture

H.323 Associated Protocols

• Protocol Comparison Reference
• H.323 Terminals
• Audio CODECs
• Video CODECs
• H.323 Gateway
• H.323 Gatekeeper
• H.323 Gatekeeper Optional
• H.323Multipoint Control Unit (MCU)
• H.323 Multipoint control Unit (MCU) Conferences
• H.225 Registration Admission Status (RAS)

Call Process

• H.225 Call Signalling
• Call Signalling Across Gateway
• H.245 Control Signalling
• Processing an H.323 Call

SESSION INITIATION PROTOCOL (SIP)

The SIP Standard and Operations

• SIP Defined
• SIP Methods
• SIP Operation

SIP Associated Protocols

• Session Description Protocol (SDP)
• SIP Redirect
• SIP Proxy

SIP Call Process

• Call Setup: SIP to ISDN
• Call Setup: SIP to SS7

MEDIA GATEWAY CONTROL PROTOCOL (MGCP)

MGCP and Megaco Protocol Evolution

• Internet Protocol Device Control (IPDC)
• Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP)
• Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)

MGCP and Megaco Protocol Architecture

• MGCP Architecture
• MGCP Characteristics
• Media Gateway Controller (MGC)
• Media Gateway (MG)

MGCP Call Process

• MGCP Commands
• MGCP Call Setup
• MGCP Call Setup with PSTN

Megaco Features

• Megaco and Megaco Enhancements
• RFC 2885 and H.248 Draft Annexes
• Security Mechanisms and Requirements
• Megaco Media Conversion and QoS